refactor: remove emojis from titles and buttons for a cleaner UI

app.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import streamlit as st
 
 st.set_page_config(
     page_title="Shannon's Equation for Dummies",
-    page_icon="📡",
+    page_icon="antenna_bars",
     layout="wide",
     initial_sidebar_state="expanded",
 )
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ st.markdown("""
 # ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 with st.sidebar:
-    st.markdown("## 📡 Shannon for Dummies")
+    st.markdown("## Shannon for Dummies")
     st.caption("Educational Application — AP Feb 2021")
     st.divider()
 
@@ -112,12 +112,12 @@ with st.sidebar:
         "Navigation",
         options=["animation", "orbits", "sat_types", "theory", "real_world", "contributions"],
         format_func=lambda x: {
-            "animation": "📡 Satellite Link Animation",
-            "orbits": "🌍 GEO / MEO / LEO Orbits",
-            "sat_types": "🛰️ Satellite Missions & Types",
-            "theory": "🧮 Theoretical Exploration",
-            "real_world": "🛰️ Real World Link Budget",
-            "contributions": "💬 Community Contributions",
+            "animation": "Satellite Link Animation",
+            "orbits": "GEO / MEO / LEO Orbits",
+            "sat_types": "Satellite Missions & Types",
+            "theory": "Theoretical Exploration",
+            "real_world": "Real World Link Budget",
+            "contributions": "Community Contributions",
         }[x],
         label_visibility="collapsed",
     )

core/help_texts.py

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ THEORY_HELP = {
         "- Try multiple values in all the fields one by one\n"
         "- Explore the graphs and try to understand the underlying physics\n"
         "- The units are as explicit as possible to facilitate the exploration\n"
-        "- Click on the ℹ️ icons to get information about each parameter"
+        "- Click on the info icons to get information about each parameter"
     ),
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ REAL_WORLD_HELP = {
         "The position of the ground station affects link availability due to weather statistics "
         "(tropical regions have very heavy rains attenuating signals at high frequencies). "
         "It also impacts the elevation angle and overall path length.\n\n"
-        "🔗 [Find coordinates](https://www.gps-coordinates.net)"
+        "[Find coordinates](https://www.gps-coordinates.net)"
     ),
     "availability": (
         "**Link Availability [%]**\n\n"

views/contributions.py

@@ -11,17 +11,17 @@ from core.database import write_contribution, search_contributions, delete_contr
 def render():
     """Render the Contributions page."""
 
-    st.markdown("# 💬 Community Contributions")
+    st.markdown("# Community Contributions")
     st.markdown(
         "Share your observations about Shannon's theorem, satellite communications, "
         "or suggest improvements. Contributions are stored locally and shared with all users."
     )
 
-    tab_read, tab_write = st.tabs(["📖 Read Contributions", "✍️ Write Contribution"])
+    tab_read, tab_write = st.tabs(["Read Contributions", "Write Contribution"])
 
     # ── Read Contributions ──
     with tab_read:
-        st.markdown("### 🔍 Search Contributions")
+        st.markdown("### Search Contributions")
 
         db_choice = st.radio(
             "Database",
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def render():
             kw_filter = st.text_input("Filter by Keywords", key="filter_kw")
             content_filter = st.text_input("Filter by Content", key="filter_content")
 
-        if st.button("🔍 Search", type="primary", key="btn_search"):
+        if st.button("Search", type="primary", key="btn_search"):
             results = search_contributions(
                 db_name,
                 name_filter=name_filter,
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ def render():
                 ):
                     st.markdown(contrib["text"])
                     if contrib["keywords"]:
-                        st.caption(f"🏷️ Keywords: {contrib['keywords']}")
+                        st.caption(f"Keywords: {contrib['keywords']}")
 
                     # Delete functionality
-                    with st.popover("🗑️ Delete"):
+                    with st.popover("Delete"):
                         st.warning("This action cannot be undone.")
                         del_password = st.text_input(
                             "Enter contribution password",
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def render():
                         )
                         if st.button("Confirm Delete", key=f"del_btn_{contrib['num']}"):
                             if delete_contribution(db_name, contrib["num"], del_password):
-                                st.success(f"✅ Contribution #{contrib['num']} deleted.")
+                                st.success(f"Contribution #{contrib['num']} deleted.")
                                 # Refresh results
                                 st.session_state["contrib_results"] = search_contributions(
                                     db_name,
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ def render():
                                 )
                                 st.rerun()
                             else:
-                                st.error("❌ Incorrect password or contribution not found.")
+                                st.error("Incorrect password or contribution not found.")
         elif "contrib_results" in st.session_state:
             st.info("No contributions found matching your filters.")
 
     # ── Write Contribution ──
     with tab_write:
-        st.markdown("### ✍️ New Contribution")
+        st.markdown("### New Contribution")
 
         db_choice_w = st.radio(
             "Database",
@@ -109,17 +109,16 @@ def render():
                 type="password",
             )
 
-            submitted = st.form_submit_button("📤 Submit", type="primary")
+            submitted = st.form_submit_button("Submit", type="primary")
 
             if submitted:
                 if not name or not title or not text:
-                    st.error("❌ Please fill in all required fields (marked with *).")
+                    st.error("Please fill in all required fields (marked with *).")
                 else:
                     new_id = write_contribution(db_name_w, name, title, keywords, text, password)
-                    st.success(f"✅ Thank you! Your contribution has been stored with ID #{new_id}.")
-                    st.balloons()
+                    st.success(f"Thank you. Your contribution has been stored with ID #{new_id}.")
 
-        with st.expander("❓ Help"):
+        with st.expander("Help"):
             st.markdown(
                 "Write your contribution as a free text. Contributions should be:\n\n"
                 "- Candid observations about the technical subject\n"

views/orbits_animation.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ _ORBITS_HTML = """
 <canvas id="c"></canvas>
 
 <div id="info">
-  <h3>🛰️ Orbit Comparison</h3>
+  <h3>Orbit Comparison</h3>
   <div id="infoContent">
     <p style="color:#94a3b8; text-align:center;">
       Hover over a satellite to see its details.
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ function showInfo(o) {
     <div class="stat"><span class="label">FSPL</span><span class="value">${o.fsplDb}</span></div>
     <div class="stat"><span class="label">Coverage</span><span class="value">${o.coverage}</span></div>
     <hr>
-    <div class="stat"><span class="label">✅ Pros</span><span class="value" style="text-align:right; max-width:160px">${o.pros}</span></div>
-    <div class="stat"><span class="label">⚠️ Cons</span><span class="value" style="text-align:right; max-width:160px">${o.cons}</span></div>
+    <div class="stat"><span class="label">Pros</span><span class="value" style="text-align:right; max-width:160px">${o.pros}</span></div>
+    <div class="stat"><span class="label">Cons</span><span class="value" style="text-align:right; max-width:160px">${o.cons}</span></div>
     <hr>
     <div class="stat"><span class="label">Examples</span><span class="value" style="color:#4FC3F7">${o.examples}</span></div>
   `;
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ draw();
 
 def render():
     """Render the GEO/MEO/LEO orbit comparison animation."""
-    st.markdown("## 🌍 Satellite Orbits — GEO vs MEO vs LEO")
+    st.markdown("## Satellite Orbits — GEO vs MEO vs LEO")
     st.markdown(
         "Compare the three main satellite orbit types. "
         "Hover over satellites or legend items to explore their characteristics."
@@ -500,50 +500,50 @@ def render():
 
     # ── Educational content below ──
     st.divider()
-    st.markdown("### 📊 Orbit Comparison at a Glance")
+    st.markdown("### Orbit Comparison at a Glance")
 
     col1, col2, col3 = st.columns(3)
 
     with col1:
         st.markdown("""
-#### 🟢 LEO — Low Earth Orbit
+#### LEO — Low Earth Orbit
 **160 – 2 000 km**
 
-- ⚡ Latency: **4 – 20 ms** (RTT)
-- 📉 FSPL: ~155 dB (Ku-band)
-- 🔄 Period: ~90 – 120 min
-- 📡 Small footprint → **large constellations** needed (hundreds to thousands)
-- 🤝 Requires **handover** between satellites
-- 🛰️ *Starlink (550 km), OneWeb (1 200 km), Iridium (780 km)*
+- Latency: **4 – 20 ms** (RTT)
+- FSPL: ~155 dB (Ku-band)
+- Period: ~90 – 120 min
+- Small footprint → **large constellations** needed (hundreds to thousands)
+- Requires **handover** between satellites
+- *Starlink (550 km), OneWeb (1 200 km), Iridium (780 km)*
 """)
 
     with col2:
         st.markdown("""
-#### 🟡 MEO — Medium Earth Orbit
+#### MEO — Medium Earth Orbit
 **2 000 – 35 786 km**
 
-- ⚡ Latency: **40 – 80 ms** (RTT)
-- 📉 FSPL: ~186 dB (Ku-band)
-- 🔄 Period: ~2 – 12 h
-- 📡 Medium footprint → **medium constellations** (20 – 50 sats)
-- 🌍 Good balance between coverage and latency
-- 🛰️ *GPS (20 200 km), Galileo, O3b/SES (8 000 km)*
+- Latency: **40 – 80 ms** (RTT)
+- FSPL: ~186 dB (Ku-band)
+- Period: ~2 – 12 h
+- Medium footprint → **medium constellations** (20 – 50 sats)
+- Good balance between coverage and latency
+- *GPS (20 200 km), Galileo, O3b/SES (8 000 km)*
 """)
 
     with col3:
         st.markdown("""
-#### 🔴 GEO — Geostationary Orbit
+#### GEO — Geostationary Orbit
 **35 786 km (fixed)**
 
-- ⚡ Latency: **240 – 280 ms** (RTT)
-- 📉 FSPL: ~205 dB (Ku-band)
-- 🔄 Period: 23 h 56 min (= 1 sidereal day)
-- 📡 Huge footprint → **3 sats = global** coverage
-- 📌 **Fixed position** in the sky — no tracking needed
-- 🛰️ *Intelsat, SES, Eutelsat, ViaSat*
+- Latency: **240 – 280 ms** (RTT)
+- FSPL: ~205 dB (Ku-band)
+- Period: 23 h 56 min (= 1 sidereal day)
+- Huge footprint → **3 sats = global** coverage
+- **Fixed position** in the sky — no tracking needed
+- *Intelsat, SES, Eutelsat, ViaSat*
 """)
 
-    with st.expander("🔬 Key Trade-offs in Detail"):
+    with st.expander("Key Trade-offs in Detail"):
         st.markdown(r"""
 | Parameter | LEO | MEO | GEO |
 |:---|:---:|:---:|:---:|
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ for the same bandwidth and transmit power. LEO compensates with lower FSPL
 but requires more satellites and complex handover.
 """)
 
-    with st.expander("🛰️ Notable Constellations"):
+    with st.expander("Notable Constellations"):
         st.markdown("""
 | Constellation | Orbit | Altitude | # Satellites | Use Case |
 |:---|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---|

views/real_world.py

@@ -159,21 +159,21 @@ def render():
     with col_img:
         st.image("Satellite.png", width=200)
     with col_title:
-        st.markdown("# 🛰️ Shannon & Friends in the Real World")
+        st.markdown("# Shannon & Friends in the Real World")
         st.markdown("From theory to satellite communication link budget.")
 
     wiki_cols = st.columns(4)
-    wiki_cols[0].link_button("📖 Harry Nyquist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Nyquist")
-    wiki_cols[1].link_button("📖 Richard Hamming", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hamming")
-    wiki_cols[2].link_button("📖 Andrew Viterbi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi")
-    wiki_cols[3].link_button("📖 Claude Berrou", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Berrou")
+    wiki_cols[0].link_button("Harry Nyquist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Nyquist")
+    wiki_cols[1].link_button("Richard Hamming", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hamming")
+    wiki_cols[2].link_button("Andrew Viterbi", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi")
+    wiki_cols[3].link_button("Claude Berrou", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Berrou")
 
     st.divider()
 
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
     #  SECTION 1: Satellite Link
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-    st.markdown("## 📡 Satellite Link")
+    st.markdown("## Satellite Link")
 
     col1, col2, col3 = st.columns(3)
     with col1:
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ def render():
     try:
         sat_cir_list = [float(v.strip()) for v in sat_cir_input.split(",")]
     except ValueError:
-        st.error("❌ Invalid C/I values.")
+        st.error("Invalid C/I values.")
         return
 
     # Compute satellite link
@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@ def render():
                 sat_alt, sat_lat, sat_lon, gs_lat, gs_lon, availability,
             )
     except Exception as e:
-        st.error(f"❌ Satellite link computation error: {e}")
+        st.error(f"Satellite link computation error: {e}")
         return
 
     # Display satellite link results
-    st.markdown("#### 📊 Satellite Link Results")
+    st.markdown("#### Satellite Link Results")
     r1, r2, r3 = st.columns(3)
     r1.metric("Output Power", fmt_power(sat["sig_power"]), help=REAL_WORLD_HELP["output_power"])
     r2.metric("Antenna Gain", fmt_gain(sat["sat_gain_linear"]), help=REAL_WORLD_HELP["sat_gain"])
@@ -245,14 +245,14 @@ def render():
     st.metric("Power Flux Density", fmt_pfd(sat["pfd_linear"]), help=REAL_WORLD_HELP["pfd"])
 
     if sat["elevation"] <= 0:
-        st.warning("⚠️ Satellite is below the horizon (negative elevation). Results may not be meaningful.")
+        st.warning("Satellite is below the horizon (negative elevation). Results may not be meaningful.")
 
     st.divider()
 
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
     #  SECTION 2: Radio Front End
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-    st.markdown("## 📻 Radio Front End")
+    st.markdown("## Radio Front End")
 
     col_r1, col_r2 = st.columns(2)
     with col_r1:
@@ -268,10 +268,10 @@ def render():
             cpe_ant_d, cpe_t_clear,
         )
     except Exception as e:
-        st.error(f"❌ Receiver computation error: {e}")
+        st.error(f"Receiver computation error: {e}")
         return
 
-    st.markdown("#### 📊 Receiver Results")
+    st.markdown("#### Receiver Results")
     rx1, rx2 = st.columns(2)
     rx1.metric("Antenna Area · G/T", f"{rcv['cpe_ae']:.2f} m² · {rcv['cpe_g_t']:.1f} dB/K",
                help=REAL_WORLD_HELP["cpe_gain"])
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ def render():
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
     #  SECTION 3: Baseband Unit
     # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-    st.markdown("## 💻 Baseband Unit")
+    st.markdown("## Baseband Unit")
 
     col_b1, col_b2, col_b3 = st.columns(3)
     with col_b1:
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ def render():
     try:
         cnr_imp_list = [float(v.strip()) for v in cir_input.split(",")]
     except ValueError:
-        st.error("❌ Invalid C/I values.")
+        st.error("Invalid C/I values.")
         return
 
     try:
@@ -319,10 +319,10 @@ def render():
             sat["sat_cir"], bandwidth, rolloff, overheads, cnr_imp_list, penalties,
         )
     except Exception as e:
-        st.error(f"❌ Baseband computation error: {e}")
+        st.error(f"Baseband computation error: {e}")
         return
 
-    st.markdown("#### 📊 Baseband Results")
+    st.markdown("#### Baseband Results")
 
     b1, b2, b3 = st.columns(3)
     b1.metric("SNR in Available BW", f"{bb['cnr_bw']:.1f} dB in {bandwidth:.1f} MHz",
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ def render():
 
     b4, b5 = st.columns(2)
     with b4:
-        st.markdown("##### 🎯 Theoretical")
+        st.markdown("##### Theoretical")
         st.metric(
             "Theoretical BR",
             f"{fmt_br(bb['br_nyq'])} · {bb['br_nyq_norm']:.0%}",
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ def render():
         )
         st.caption(f"Spectral Eff: {bb['spe_nyq']:.2f} bps/Hz · {bb['bits_per_symbol']:.2f} b/Symbol")
     with b5:
-        st.markdown("##### 🏭 Practical")
+        st.markdown("##### Practical")
         st.metric(
             "Physical Layer BR",
             f"{fmt_br(bb['br_rcv'])} · {bb['br_rcv_norm']:.0%}",
@@ -360,12 +360,12 @@ def render():
     st.divider()
 
     # ── Graphs ──
-    st.markdown("### 📈 Interactive Graphs")
+    st.markdown("### Interactive Graphs")
 
     tab_bw, tab_pow, tab_map = st.tabs([
-        "📶 BW Sensitivity",
-        "⚡ Power Sensitivity",
-        "🗺️ BR Factor Map",
+        "BW Sensitivity",
+        "Power Sensitivity",
+        "BR Factor Map",
     ])
 
     cnr_imp = combine_cnr(*cnr_imp_list)

views/satellite_types.py

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ body{background:transparent;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Segoe UI',system-ui,san
 <canvas id="c"></canvas>
 
 <div id="tabs"></div>
-<div id="info"><h3>🛰️ Satellite Missions</h3><p style="color:#64748b;text-align:center;padding:12px 0">Select a mission type above<br>to explore its animation.</p></div>
+<div id="info"><h3>Satellite Missions</h3><p style="color:#64748b;text-align:center;padding:12px 0">Select a mission type above<br>to explore its animation.</p></div>
 <div id="sceneLabel"><span>Mission Control</span> — choose a category</div>
 
 <script>
@@ -86,37 +86,37 @@ body{background:transparent;overflow:hidden;font-family:'Segoe UI',system-ui,san
 //  DATA
 // ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 const cats=[
-{id:'nav',icon:'🧭',name:'Navigation',color:'#34d399',rgb:'52,211,153',
+{id:'nav',icon:'NAV',name:'Navigation',color:'#34d399',rgb:'52,211,153',
  orbit:'MEO',alt:'20 200 km',band:'L-band (1.2–1.6 GHz)',power:'~50 W/signal',
  precision:'< 1 m (dual-freq)',lifetime:'12–15 yrs',
  examples:['GPS (USA)','Galileo (EU)','GLONASS (RU)','BeiDou (CN)'],
  fact:'Each GPS satellite carries 4 atomic clocks accurate to ~1 ns. Relativity corrections of 38 μs/day are applied.',
  sceneHint:'Triangulation — 3 satellites fix your position'},
-{id:'com',icon:'📡',name:'Communication',color:'#4FC3F7',rgb:'79,195,247',
+{id:'com',icon:'COM',name:'Communication',color:'#4FC3F7',rgb:'79,195,247',
  orbit:'GEO + LEO',alt:'550–36 000 km',band:'C / Ku / Ka-band',power:'2–20 kW',
  precision:'100+ Gbps (HTS)',lifetime:'15–20 yrs',
  examples:['Starlink','Intelsat','SES','OneWeb'],
  fact:'A modern HTS can deliver 500+ Gbps — equivalent to 100 000 HD streams simultaneously.',
  sceneHint:'Data flowing between ground stations'},
-{id:'eo',icon:'📸',name:'Earth Observation',color:'#a78bfa',rgb:'167,139,250',
+{id:'eo',icon:'EO',name:'Earth Observation',color:'#a78bfa',rgb:'167,139,250',
  orbit:'LEO (SSO)',alt:'500–800 km',band:'X-band (downlink)',power:'SAR + optical',
  precision:'0.3–30 m resolution',lifetime:'5–7 yrs',
  examples:['Sentinel','Landsat','Planet Doves','Pléiades'],
  fact:'Planet Labs\' 200+ Doves image the entire land surface every single day at 3 m resolution.',
  sceneHint:'Satellite scanning the terrain below'},
-{id:'wx',icon:'🌦️',name:'Weather',color:'#fbbf24',rgb:'251,191,36',
+{id:'wx',icon:'WX',name:'Weather',color:'#fbbf24',rgb:'251,191,36',
  orbit:'GEO + LEO',alt:'800–36 000 km',band:'L / S / Ka-band',power:'Imager + Sounder',
  precision:'Full disk every 10 min',lifetime:'10–15 yrs',
  examples:['Meteosat','GOES','Himawari','FengYun'],
  fact:'GOES-16 produces 3.6 TB of weather imagery per day across 16 spectral bands.',
  sceneHint:'Atmospheric monitoring & cloud tracking'},
-{id:'sci',icon:'🔭',name:'Science',color:'#f472b6',rgb:'244,114,182',
+{id:'sci',icon:'SCI',name:'Science',color:'#f472b6',rgb:'244,114,182',
  orbit:'Various (L2, LEO, HEO)',alt:'540 km – 1.5M km',band:'S / X / Ka-band',power:'Telescope + Spectrometer',
  precision:'28 Mbps (JWST)',lifetime:'5–20+ yrs',
  examples:['JWST','Hubble','Gaia','SOHO','Chandra'],
  fact:'JWST\'s 6.5 m gold mirror operates at −233 °C to see infrared light from the first galaxies, 13.5 billion years ago.',
  sceneHint:'Deep-space telescope view'},
-{id:'def',icon:'🛡️',name:'Defense',color:'#fb923c',rgb:'251,146,60',
+{id:'def',icon:'DEF',name:'Defense',color:'#fb923c',rgb:'251,146,60',
  orbit:'LEO / GEO / HEO',alt:'Variable',band:'UHF / SHF / EHF',power:'Anti-jam, encrypted',
  precision:'SIGINT + IMINT',lifetime:'7–15 yrs',
  examples:['SBIRS','WGS','Syracuse (FR)','Skynet (UK)'],
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ cats.forEach(c=>{
 });
 
 function resetInfo(){
-  document.getElementById('info').innerHTML='<h3>🛰️ Satellite Missions</h3><p style="color:#64748b;text-align:center;padding:12px 0">Select a mission type above<br>to explore its animation.</p>';
+  document.getElementById('info').innerHTML='<h3>Satellite Missions</h3><p style="color:#64748b;text-align:center;padding:12px 0">Select a mission type above<br>to explore its animation.</p>';
 }
 function showInfo(c){
   document.getElementById('info').innerHTML=
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ function showInfo(c){
     '<div style="color:#64748b;font-size:10.5px;margin-bottom:4px">Notable systems:</div>'+
     '<div>'+c.examples.map(function(e){return '<span class="tag">'+e+'</span>'}).join('')+'</div>'+
     '<hr class="sep">'+
-    '<div class="fact"><b>💡 Did you know?</b><p>'+c.fact+'</p></div>';
+    '<div class="fact"><b>Key fact:</b><p>'+c.fact+'</p></div>';
 }
 function updateLabel(){
   var el=document.getElementById('sceneLabel');
@@ -791,7 +791,7 @@ frame();
 
 def render():
     """Render the satellite missions / types dashboard page."""
-    st.markdown("## 🛰️ Satellite Missions — Types & Applications")
+    st.markdown("## Satellite Missions — Types & Applications")
     st.markdown(
         "Explore **six categories** of satellite missions through unique animated scenes. "
         "Click a tab to switch between navigation, communication, observation, weather, "
@@ -803,23 +803,23 @@ def render():
 
     # ── Educational content below ──
     st.divider()
-    st.markdown("### 📋 Mission Comparison")
+    st.markdown("### Mission Comparison")
 
     st.markdown("""
 | Category | Orbit | Altitude | Key Band | Examples |
 |:---|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---|
-| 🧭 **Navigation** | MEO | 20 200 km | L-band | GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou |
-| 📡 **Communication** | GEO / LEO | 550 – 36 000 km | C / Ku / Ka | Starlink, Intelsat, SES |
-| 📸 **Earth Observation** | LEO (SSO) | 500 – 800 km | X-band | Sentinel, Landsat, Planet |
-| 🌦️ **Weather** | GEO / LEO | 800 – 36 000 km | L / Ka | Meteosat, GOES, Himawari |
-| 🔭 **Science** | Various | Variable | S / X / Ka | JWST, Hubble, Gaia |
-| 🛡️ **Defense** | LEO / GEO / HEO | Variable | UHF / EHF | SBIRS, WGS, Syracuse |
+| **Navigation** | MEO | 20 200 km | L-band | GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou |
+| **Communication** | GEO / LEO | 550 – 36 000 km | C / Ku / Ka | Starlink, Intelsat, SES |
+| **Earth Observation** | LEO (SSO) | 500 – 800 km | X-band | Sentinel, Landsat, Planet |
+| **Weather** | GEO / LEO | 800 – 36 000 km | L / Ka | Meteosat, GOES, Himawari |
+| **Science** | Various | Variable | S / X / Ka | JWST, Hubble, Gaia |
+| **Defense** | LEO / GEO / HEO | Variable | UHF / EHF | SBIRS, WGS, Syracuse |
 """)
 
     col1, col2 = st.columns(2)
 
     with col1:
-        with st.expander("🧭 Navigation Satellites"):
+        with st.expander("Navigation Satellites"):
             st.markdown("""
 **How GNSS works:**
 
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ With 4+ satellites the receiver solves for $(x, y, z, \\Delta t)$ —
 - **BeiDou** (China) — 35+ sats
 """)
 
-        with st.expander("📡 Communication Satellites"):
+        with st.expander("Communication Satellites"):
             st.markdown("""
 **Evolution:**
 
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ LEO at 550 km, but compensates with larger antennas, higher power
 and advanced modulation (DVB-S2X, 256-APSK).
 """)
 
-        with st.expander("🌦️ Weather Satellites"):
+        with st.expander("Weather Satellites"):
             st.markdown("""
 **Two approaches:**
 
@@ -873,7 +873,7 @@ and advanced modulation (DVB-S2X, 256-APSK).
 """)
 
     with col2:
-        with st.expander("📸 Earth Observation Satellites"):
+        with st.expander("Earth Observation Satellites"):
             st.markdown("""
 **Imaging technologies:**
 
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ and advanced modulation (DVB-S2X, 256-APSK).
 consistent solar illumination for temporal comparison.
 """)
 
-        with st.expander("🔭 Science & Exploration"):
+        with st.expander("Science & Exploration"):
             st.markdown("""
 | Mission | Location | Purpose |
 |:---|:---:|:---|
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ consistent solar illumination for temporal comparison.
 at ~160 **bits**/s with 23 W through NASA's 70 m DSN antennas.
 """)
 
-        with st.expander("🛡️ Defense & Intelligence"):
+        with st.expander("Defense & Intelligence"):
             st.markdown("""
 **Categories:**
 

views/theory.py

@@ -146,17 +146,17 @@ def render():
     with col_img:
         st.image("Shannon.png", width=200)
     with col_title:
-        st.markdown("# 📡 Shannon's Equation for Dummies")
+        st.markdown("# Shannon's Equation for Dummies")
         st.markdown(
             "Exploration of Claude Shannon's channel capacity theorem — "
             "the fundamental limit of digital communications."
         )
-        st.link_button("📖 Wiki: Claude Shannon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Shannon")
+        st.link_button("Wiki: Claude Shannon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Shannon")
 
     st.divider()
 
     # ── Input Parameters ──
-    st.markdown("### ⚙️ Input Parameters")
+    st.markdown("### Input Parameters")
 
     col_in1, col_in2 = st.columns(2)
     with col_in1:
@@ -177,15 +177,15 @@ def render():
         cnr_values = [float(v.strip()) for v in cnr_input.split(",")]
         cnr_nyq = combine_cnr(*cnr_values)
     except (ValueError, ZeroDivisionError):
-        st.error("❌ Invalid C/N values. Use comma-separated numbers (e.g., '12' or '12, 15').")
+        st.error("Invalid C/N values. Use comma-separated numbers (e.g., '12' or '12, 15').")
         return
 
     # ── Computed Results ──
     cnr_linear, br_inf, c_n0, br_bw = shannon_points(bw_input, cnr_nyq)
     br_unit = c_n0  # Spectral efficiency = 1
 
-    st.markdown("### 📊 Results")
-    st.info(THEORY_HELP["c_n0"], icon="ℹ️") if st.checkbox("Show C/N₀ explanation", value=False) else None
+    st.markdown("### Results")
+    st.info(THEORY_HELP["c_n0"], icon=":material/info:") if st.checkbox("Show C/N₀ explanation", value=False) else None
 
     m1, m2, m3, m4 = st.columns(4)
     m1.metric("C/N₀", f"{c_n0:.1f} MHz", help=THEORY_HELP["c_n0"])
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ def render():
     st.divider()
 
     # ── Sensitivity Analysis ──
-    st.markdown("### 🔬 Sensitivity Analysis")
+    st.markdown("### Sensitivity Analysis")
 
     col_s1, col_s2, col_s3 = st.columns(3)
     with col_s1:
@@ -229,12 +229,12 @@ def render():
     st.divider()
 
     # ── Graphs ──
-    st.markdown("### 📈 Interactive Graphs")
+    st.markdown("### Interactive Graphs")
 
     tab_bw, tab_pow, tab_map = st.tabs([
-        "📶 Bandwidth Sensitivity",
-        "⚡ Power Sensitivity",
-        "🗺️ BR Factor Map",
+        "Bandwidth Sensitivity",
+        "Power Sensitivity",
+        "BR Factor Map",
     ])
 
     with tab_bw:
@@ -256,14 +256,14 @@ def render():
         )
 
     # ── Help Section ──
-    with st.expander("📘 Background Information"):
+    with st.expander("Background Information"):
         help_topic = st.selectbox(
             "Choose a topic:",
             options=["shannon", "advanced", "help"],
             format_func=lambda x: {
-                "shannon": "🧠 Shannon's Equation",
-                "advanced": "🔧 Advanced (AWGN Model)",
-                "help": "❓ How to use this tool",
+                "shannon": "Shannon's Equation",
+                "advanced": "Advanced (AWGN Model)",
+                "help": "How to use this tool",
             }[x],
         )
         st.markdown(THEORY_HELP[help_topic])